Jeremy Brett Biography

Jeremy Brett (born Peter Jeremy William Huggins; 3 November 1933 - 12 September 1995), was an English actor, probably best known for playing fictional detective Sherlock Holmes in four Granada TV series from 1984 to 1994 in all 41 episodes. His career spanned from stage, to television and film, to Shakespeare and musical theatre. He is also remembered for playing the besotted Freddie Eynsford-Hill in the Warner Bros. 1964 production of My Fair Lady.

Early life

Jeremy Brett was born Peter Jeremy William Huggins at Berkswell Grange in Berkswell, West Midlands. His birthdate is given variously as either 3 November 1933, December 1933 or 1935, according to many sources, although this was probably a later vanity claim to reduce his public age. He was the son of Lieutenant Colonel Henry William Huggins, an Army officer, and Elizabeth Edith Cadbury Butler (of the confectionery dynasty). He had three older brothers: John, Patrick and Michael. The actor Martin Clunes is his nephew (or according to other sources, either his cousin or cousin, once removed). Educated at Eton College, he claimed to have been an "academic disaster", attributing his learning difficulties to dyslexia.

Although he eventually developed precisely honed diction, he was born with "rhotacism", a speech impediment which prevented him from pronouncing the "R" sound correctly. He underwent corrective surgery as a teenager and followed it with years of practising. Much later he claimed that he practised all of his speech exercises daily, whether he was working or not.

However, while at Eton he excelled at singing and was a member of the college choir. He was trained by Elsie Fogerty at the Central School of Speech and Drama, then based at the Royal Albert Hall in London, graduating in 1954, but his father had demanded that he change his name for the sake of family honour, so he took his stage name from the label of his first suit, "Brett & Co."

In 1959, while Brett was playing Hamlet, his mother was killed in a car crash in the Welsh mountains. This had a tremendous effect on Brett. Later in life, he spoke about the accident, its impact on him and consequently his performance; "my mother had been killed savagely in a car accident in 1959, and I was very angry about that, because my son, when she was killed, was only three months old. There was anger - it was interesting... there was anger in me. And I think that came through. I felt cheated - I felt my mother had been cheated - the rage of that came through". He couldn't believe the circumstances and went on to say "I was very rough on my mother [Gertrude], I think. I mean physically rough, in the play" as he channelled his anger into his performance.

Career

Stage and screen

Brett made his professional acting debut in rep at the Library Theatre in Manchester in 1954, and his London stage debut with the Old Vic company in Troilus and Cressida in 1956. He made his first appearance in a major film with War and Peace (1956), which starred Audrey Hepburn.

Also in 1956, he appeared on Broadway as the Duke of Aumerle in Richard II. In 1959, Brett had a singing role as the romantic lead of Archie Forsyth in the West End musical Marigold. Also in 1959, he played the part of Hamlet, however on reflection, in a BBC2 television documentary Playing the Dane, Brett later said that "I don't think I was very good as Hamlet. I think I was too young. I was too young intellectually. I was too young philosophically. I was Byronic. I was very handsome. I had qualities, but I'd much rather see other people's [version]. I wasn't convinced by me". The respected theatre critic Harold Hobson wrote of Brett's portrayal that "the incestuous bed was the centre of his performance". He played many classical roles on stage, including about a dozen Shakespearean parts at the Old Vic, in New York and four while Brett was a member of the National Theatre Company from 1967 to 1970.

From the early 1960s, Brett was often on British television. He starred in several serials, including as D'Artagnan in an adaptation of The Three Musketeers (1966). His highest profile film appearance was as Freddie Eynsford-Hill in My Fair Lady (1964), again with Audrey Hepburn. Although Brett could still sing, as he later demonstrated when he played Danilo in a BBC Television broadcast of The Merry Widow (Christmas Day 1968), his singing in the film was dubbed by Bill Shirley.

Some of his appearances were in classical comedic roles, such as Captain Absolute in a television version of The Rivals (1970) and Bassanio in William Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice (1970) in a National Theatre Company production directed by Jonathan Miller, which also featured Laurence Olivier (as Shylock) and Joan Plowright (as Portia). This was adapted for television in 1973 with the same three leads. Brett joked that, as an actor, he was rarely allowed into the 20th century and never into the present day. He did though appear in a few contemporary guest roles, in a couple of the ITC series such as The Baron (1967) and The Champions (1969), wherein he was cast as swarthy, smooth villains. Brett also appeared in The Incredible Hulk ("Of Guilt, Models and Murder", 1977) and starred as Maxim in the 1979 adaptation of Daphne du Maurier's Rebecca opposite Joanna David.

Jeremy Brett's final, posthumous film appearance was an uncredited bit part as the artist's father in Moll Flanders, a 1996 Hollywood feature film starring Robin Wright Penn in the title role. The film (not to be confused with the 1996 ITV adaptation starring Alex Kingston) was released nearly a year after Brett's death.

Sherlock Holmes

Although Brett appeared in many different roles during his 40-year career, he is best remembered for his performance as Sherlock Holmes in The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, a series of Granada Television films made between 1984 and 1994. These were adapted by John Hawkesworth and other writers from the original stories by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. Even though he reportedly feared being typecast, Brett appeared in 41 episodes of the Granada series, alongside David Burke and, latterly, Edward Hardwicke as Dr Watson. Jeremy Brett and Edward Hardwicke appeared on stage in 1988 and 1989 in The Secret of Sherlock Holmes directed by Patrick Garland.

After taking on the demanding role ("Holmes is the hardest part I have ever played - harder than Hamlet or Macbeth") Brett made few other acting appearances, and he is now widely considered to be the definitive Holmes of his era, just as Basil Rathbone was at the beginning of the 1940s and William Gillette during the first third of the 20th century. Brett had previously played Doctor Watson on stage opposite Charlton Heston as Holmes in the 1980 Los Angeles production of The Crucifer of Blood, making him one of only four actors to play both Holmes and Watson professionally. fellow Old Etonian Patrick Macnee, who played Watson first in 1976's Sherlock Holmes in New York and Holmes in 1993's The Hound of London; and Carleton Hobbs, who portrayed both roles on the radio.}}

Brett had been approached in February 1982 by Granada TV to play Holmes. The idea was to make a totally authentic and faithful adaptation of the character's best cases. Eventually Brett accepted the role. He wanted to be the best Sherlock Holmes the world had ever seen. He conducted extensive research on the great detective and Sir Arthur Conan Doyle himself, and was very attentive to discrepancies between the scripts he had been given and Conan Doyle's original stories. One of Brett's dearest possessions on the set was his 77-page "Baker Street File" on everything from Holmes' mannerisms to his eating and drinking habits. Brett once explained that "some actors are becomers "? they try to become their characters. When it works, the actor is like a sponge, squeezing himself dry to remove his own personality, then absorbing the character's like a liquid".

Brett was obsessed with bringing more passion to the role of Holmes. He introduced Holmes' rather eccentric hand gestures and short violent laughter. He would hurl himself on the ground just to look for a footprint, "he would leap over the furniture or jump onto the parapet of a bridge with no regard for his personal safety."

Holmes' obsessive and depressive personality fascinated and frightened Brett. In many ways Holmes' personality resembled the actor's own, with outbursts of passionate energy followed by periods of lethargy. It became difficult for him to let go of Holmes after work. He had always been told that the only way for an actor to stay sane was for him to leave his part behind at the end of the day, but Brett started dreaming about Holmes, and the dreams turned into nightmares. Brett began to refer to Holmes as "You Know Who" or simply "HIM": "Watson describes You Know Who as a mind without a heart, which is hard to play. Hard to become. So what I have done is invent an inner life". Brett invented an imaginary life of Holmes to fill the hollowness of Holmes' "missing heart", his empty emotional life. He imagined: "...what You Know Who's nanny looked like. She was covered in starch. I don't think he saw his mother until he was about eight years old..." etc. While the other actors disappeared to the canteen for lunch, Brett would sit alone on the set reading the script, looking at every nuance, reading Holmes in the weekends and on his holidays. A theatrical adaptation, The Secret of Sherlock Holmes, by Brett's friend playwright Jeremy Paul ran at Wyndham's Theatre in London's West End with Brett and Edward Hardwicke during 1988 and 1989; the production subsequently toured.

"Some actors fear if they play Sherlock Holmes for a very long run the character will steal their soul, leave no corner for the original inhabitant", he once said, but: "Holmes has become the dark side of the moon for me. He is moody and solitary and underneath I am really sociable and gregarious. It has all got too dangerous". In 2014 Brett was voted the Greatest Sherlock Holmes beating other portrayers such as Basil Rathbone, Robert Downey Jr, Benedict Cumberbatch and Rupert Everett.

Private life and health problems

On 24 May 1958 Brett married the actress Anna Massey (daughter of actor Raymond Massey). Their son, David Huggins, born in 1959, is a British cartoonist, illustrator and novelist. Brett and Massey divorced on 22 November 1962 after she claimed he left her for a man. From 1969 until 1976, Brett was in a romantic relationship with the actor Gary Bond, who died exactly one month after Brett. In the late 1970s, he was involved with actor Paul Shenar. In 1976, Brett married Joan Sullivan Wilson, who died of cancer in July 1985.

In the latter part of 1986, Brett exhibited wild mood swings that alarmed his family and friends, who persuaded him to seek diagnosis and treatment for manic depression, also known as bipolar disorder. Brett was prescribed lithium tablets to fight his manic depression. He suspected that he would never be cured, and would have to live with his condition, look for the signs of his disorder, and then deal with it. He wanted to return to work, to play Holmes again.

The first episode to be produced after his discharge was a two-hour adaptation of The Sign of Four in 1987. From then on the changes in Brett's appearance and behaviour slowly became more noticeable as the series developed. One of the side effects of the lithium tablets was fluid retention; he was putting on weight and retaining water. The drugs were also slowing him down. According to Edward Hardwicke, Brett smoked up to 60 cigarettes a day, which "didn't help his health." He also had heart troubles. His heart was twice the normal size; he would have difficulties breathing and would need an oxygen mask on the set. "But, darlings, the show must go on", was his only comment.

During the last decade of his life, Brett was treated in hospital several times for his mental illness, and his health and appearance visibly deteriorated by the time he completed the later episodes of the Sherlock Holmes series. During his last years, he discussed the illness candidly, encouraging people to recognise its symptoms and seek help.

Death

Brett died on 12 September 1995 at his home in Clapham, London, from heart failure. His heart valves had been scarred by rheumatic fever contracted as a child. He was cremated and his ashes were given to his family.

One of his elder brothers, John, who was a minister, spoke at his youngest brother's memorial service on 29 November 1995.

Mel Gussow wrote in an obituary for The New York Times, "Mr. Brett was regarded as the quintessential Holmes: breathtakingly analytical, given to outrageous disguises and the blackest moods and relentless in his enthusiasm for solving the most intricate crimes."

Work

Stage

Year	Name	Role	Place
1988	The Secret of Sherlock Holmes	Sherlock Holmes	Wyndham's Theatre
1985	Aren't We All?	Hon. William Tatham	Brooks Atkinson Theatre
1978	Dracula	Count Dracula	Broadway theatre
1967	As You Like It	Orlando	Royal National Theatre
1964	The Deputy	Father Riccardo Fontana, S.J.	Brooks Atkinson Theatre
1961	Hamlet	Hamlet	Oxford Playhouse/Royal Strand Theatre
1956	Troilus and Cressida	Troilus	Winter Garden Theatre
1956	Romeo and Juliet	Paris	Winter Garden Theatre
1956	Macbeth	Malcolm	Winter Garden Theatre
1956	King Richard II	Duke of Aumerle	Winter Garden Theatre

Film

Year	Name
1996	Moll Flanders
1995	Mad Dogs and Englishmen
1978	The Medusa Touch
1971	Nicholas and Alexandra
1964	Act of Reprisal
1964	My Fair Lady
1963	Girl in the Headlines
1963	The Very Edge
1962	The Wild and the Willing
1956	War and Peace
1954	Svengali

Television films

Year	Name	Role
1988	The Hound of the Baskervilles	Sherlock Holmes
1987	The Sign of Four	Sherlock Holmes
1985	Deceptions	Bryan Foxworth
1985	Florence Nightingale	William Nightingale
1984	Morte d'Arthur	King Arthur
1983	Number 10	William Pitt the Younger
1982	The Barretts of Wimpole Street	Robert Browning
1981	The Good Soldier	Edward Ashburnham
1981	Macbeth	Macbeth
1981	Madame X	Dr. Terrence Keith
1975	The Prodigal Daughter	Father Daley
1974	Haunted: The Ferryman	Sheridan Owen
1974	Jennie: Lady Randolph Churchill (2 episodes)	Count Karel Kinsky
1973	The Merchant of Venice	Bassanio
1969	An Ideal Husband	Vicount Goring
1968	The Merry Widow
1966	Chopin and George Sand - The Creative Years	Chopin
1962	Dinner with the Family
1962	The Ghost Sonata	The Student

• 1994 The Memoirs of Sherlock Holmes

The Cardboard Box

The Mazarin Stone

The Red Circle

The Golden Pince-Nez

The Dying Detective

The Three Gables

• 1991"?1993 The Case-Book of Sherlock Holmes

1993 The Eligible Bachelor

1993 The Last Vampyre

1992 The Master Blackmailer

1991 The Creeping Man

1991 The Illustrious Client

1991 The Problem of Thor Bridge

1991 The Boscombe Valley Mystery

1991 The Disappearance of Lady Frances Carfax

1991 The Problem of Thor Bridge

1991 Shoscombe Old Place

• 1992 ITV Telethon [Sherlock Holmes]
• 1987"?1988 Masterpiece Mystery

The Return of Sherlock Holmes: The Sign of Four

The Return of Sherlock Holmes: The Priory School

• 1988 The Return of Sherlock Holmes

The Devil's Foot

Silver Blaze

Wisteria Lodge

The Bruce Partington Plans

• 1986 The Return of Sherlock Holmes

The Empty House

The Abbey Grange

The Musgrave Ritual

The Second Stain

The Man with the Twisted Lip

The Priory School

The Six Napoleons

• 1985 The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes

The Copper Beeches

The Greek Interpreter

The Norwood Builder

The Resident Patient

The Red Headed League

The Final Problem

• 1984 The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes

A Scandal in Bohemia

The Dancing Men

The Naval Treaty

The Solitary Cyclist

The Crooked Man

The Speckled Band

The Blue Carbuncle

}}

• 1984 The Love Boat [Ernest Finley]
• 1983 Number 10 [William Pitt the Younger]
• 1970"?1982 BBC Play of the Month

1982 On Approval [George, Duke of Bristol]

1976 The Picture of Dorian Gray [Basil Hallward]

1975 Love's Labour's Lost [Berowne]

1975 The School for Scandal [Joseph Surface]

1970 The Rivals [Captain Jack Absolute]

1969 An Ideal Husband [Lord Goring]

• 1981 Seagull Island [David Malcolm]

4 episodes

• 1980 Galactica [Xaviar / Lieutenant Nash]
• 1979 Hart to Hart [Mason Parks]
• 1979 Rebecca [Maxim de Winter]

4 episodes

• 1978 The Incredible Hulk [James Joslin]
• 1977 Young Dan'l Boone [Langford]
• 1977 Supernatural [Mr. Nightingale]
• 1976 Piccadilly Circus [Host]
• 1975 Twiggy - 15 October episode
• 1975 Ten from the Twenties [Willie Edwardes]
• 1975 A Legacy [Eduard Merz]

4 episodes

• 1974 Jennie: Lady Randolph Churchill [Count Karel Kinsky]

Triumph and Tragedy

Recovery

• 1974 Affairs of the Heart [Captain Yule]
• 1974 The Wide World of Mystery [Peter Tower]

One Deadly Owner

• 1973 A Picture of Katherine Mansfield [John Middleton Murry]

4 episodes

• 1973 Country Matters [Captain Blaine]

An Aspidistra in Babylon

• 1973 The Protectors [Kahan]

With a Little Help from My Friends

• 1970 Solo [Byron]
• 1969 The Champions [The Bey]

Desert Journey

• 1968 For Amusement Only [Henry]

Time for the Funny Walk

• 1966"?1967 Theatre 625

1967 The Magicians: The Incantation of Casanova [Giacomo Casanova]

1966 The Queen & the Welshman [Villiers]

• 1967 Kenilworth [Edmund Tressilian]

The Wrath of Lions

The Tide Turns

The Black Arts

The Sparrow's Lure

• 1961"?1967 Armchair Theatre

1967 Quite an Ordinary Knife [Gino]

1964 Something to Declare [Plinio Ceccho]

1961 The Picture of Dorian Gray [Dorian Gray]

• 1967 The Baron

The Seven Eyes of Night [Jeff Walker]

• 1966"?1967 The Three Musketeers [D'Artagnan]

1967 Walk to the Scaffold

1967 Assassin

1967 The Cardina

1966 At Night All Cats Are Grey

1966 Branded

• 1966 Mystery and Imagination [Sir John Maltravers]

The Lost Stradivarius

• 1965 Knock on Any Door [David]

Close Season

• 1960"?1963 ITV Play of the Week

1963 Three Roads to Rome [Tonino]

1962 The Typewriter [Pascal / Maxime]

1960 Tess [Angel Clare]

• 1962 The Bacchae [Dionysus]
• 1961 BBC Sunday-Night Play [Julian Bennett]

A Kind of Strength

• 1961 Beauty and the Beast [The Prince]

2 episodes

• 1960 Saturday Playhouse [Nigel Lorraine]

The Guinea Pig

• 1957 Producers' Showcase [Paris]

Romeo and Juliet

}}

See also

• List of actors who have played Sherlock Holmes

Footnotes